Inclusive and Responsive Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Resilience for All: Experiences, Reflections, and Recommendations

Achieving inclusive and responsive disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate resilience in a world characterized by various inequalities necessitates a comprehensive understanding of natural and human factors. Throughout my nearly two decades of professional engagement, I have observed a prevailing hesitation among the professionals and practitioners in International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), governmental bodies, and the United Nations (UN) agencies in certain countries to take progressive action subsequent to recognizing the impact of intersectional vulnerabilities. Discussions often miss underlying inequalities related to gender, age, disability, caste, ethnicity, race, and religion. Entities and individuals focus on technology, finance, and policies, avoiding entrenched norms and practices. They exhibit incompetence or resistance to challenging entrenched norms and practices, often leading to a lack of genuine engagement with human concerns.

 The era of collaboration between communities, NGOs, the UN, and the Government

During the initial decade of my involvement in the sector, I witnessed a noticeable increase in active support from diverse stakeholders for addressing various forms of inequality and promoting inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA). These are still discussed, but specific action plans and identifying vulnerable communities and groups are needed. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) used to engage in open consultations with civil society, which is now rare as most discussions happen behind closed doors with limited participants. The alignment between community-based organizations and authorities has weakened considerably. These stakeholders have had to adjust their strategies in response to political shifts, sometimes at the expense of community voices and input.

In addition, some react sharply, questioning the contributions of these group members to their communities to deflect blame, highlighting double standards and shifting responsibility solely to the oppressed, hindering significant change. This tactic is a common strategy for deflecting blame from oneself to those already making concerted efforts within the limitations of their social capital and financial resources. Yet, I pose a fundamental question, which, though it may appear simplistic, is pertinent: What is the ultimate purpose of these institutions? Don't they serve to alleviate human suffering, uplift humanity, and advocate for the voice of the underprivileged rather than exist for mere survival?

The path forward

Despite the challenges, I maintain optimism regarding the prospect of positive change, notwithstanding potential delays. Noteworthy global developments are underway, with marginalized groups reasserting their presence in decision-making forums. The increasing support and participation in these movements offer promise for enduring transformation. I maintain confidence in our government, recognizing that India's and regional stakeholders' involvement and counsel in leading and advising INGOs and bilateral and multilateral institutions provide a source of optimism amidst challenges.

Collaborate for and with people’s organisations

Effective action and cooperation from Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) experts are imperative in addressing these systemic challenges and preventing complacency. Governments, Non-governmental organizations, UN agencies, and Community-based organizations (CBO) of the marginalised and underrepresented groups must intensify their efforts to drive constructive change by working together. The efforts of those advocating for these communities will produce limited results if they are not backed by sector allies, champions, and influential young people and veterans who genuinely desire an equal world for all beyond the rhetoric.

Acknowledge the agency of the marginalised communities

Trusting the capabilities of marginalized communities and governments may hold more significant promise for substantial change. Ultimately, the empowerment of marginalized communities and proficient government intervention are paramount at all levels of climate and disaster governance. Engaging with local and hyper-local organizations and networks by the government, focusing on localization and collaboration, will enhance confidence and reduce reliance on intermediaries.

Take concrete S-M-A-R-R-T actions

In every capacity and location, whether occupying an official role or not, it is incumbent upon us to take affirmative steps toward fostering an environment conducive to the well-being of marginalized communities back home and globally.  The sensitization and awareness-building period has elapsed, necessitating proactive measures to reform the existing power dynamics within and beyond our development sector. Collaborating with these communities throughout the resilience initiatives and integrating them into decision-making reflects a genuine dedication to inclusivity and equality. This involves setting clear goals, ensuring transparency, and taking tangible actions over rhetoric. Make the actions Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Responsible, and Time-bound.

Leverage technological advancements and financing

I frequently encounter noteworthy initiatives and advocate for their utilization of technological advancements to promote equality. It is imperative to identify vulnerable populations and implement targeted measures leveraging these tech advancements to mitigate their exposure to hazards and the uncertainties of climate change. 

Mainstream, as well as focus on those likely left behind

The realization of inclusive and responsive DRR and Climate Resilience for all in a world marked by inequalities is a collective responsibility. A wide array of tools is available for mainstreaming and giving due attention to vulnerable groups. Crucial to this endeavour is the government's and the relevant sectors' solid resolve to proactively address this issue by formulating and implementing policies, enacting laws, launching programs, and allocating budgets to cater to marginalised and underrepresented communities. Communities shouldn’t just be seen as projects; impacting one life positively can create resilience for future generations. Allocating resources wisely in investments fosters resilience for now and the future. Discerning investment decisions is essential for a beneficial return.

As professionals and practitioners involved in development initiatives, we must remain mindful of the fundamental purpose underlying our existence and roles rather than assuming a passive stance. We cannot afford to feign ignorance despite knowledge or act imprudently despite being informed. Given its increasing significance in geopolitics and the global economy, India should strive to emerge as a leading force worldwide in addressing internal disparities. I am optimistic about significant transformative developments aimed at establishing enduring resilience within the realm of the living. 

 Note: The article is also informed by my engagements and affiliations with hyper-local and state-level community-based organizations leading and operating in marginalized communities across India's most disaster-prone states.

Image courtesy

https://patimes.org/culture-and-social-equity-in-emergency-management/

https://disasterlaw.ifrc.org/disaster-law-areas